What type of isomerism occurs in compounds with the same molecular formula but different connectivity of atoms?

The correct identification of structural isomerism relates to compounds that share the same molecular formula but have varying arrangements or connectivity of their atoms. This means that, while the chemical composition remains identical, the atoms are linked differently, resulting in distinct chemical entities. An example of structural isomers includes butane and isobutane, which have the same molecular formula (C4H10) but differ in their connectivity.

Understanding the different types of isomerism is crucial for differentiating these compounds. For instance, cis-trans isomerism and geometric isomerism fall under the broader category of stereoisomerism, where the connectivity remains the same, but the spatial arrangement differs. Structural isomerism, however, specifically emphasizes variations in how atoms are bonded, which directly leads to different chemical properties and behaviors for the resulting compounds.